Association of deletion polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes with the degree of lung damage in elderly people after COVID-19

To analyze the association of polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes with the degree of lung damage in elderly people in Yakutia who suffered from COVID-19, a survey of volunteers who had a coronavirus infection aged 60 to 75 years (average age 64.470 +/- 0.602 years) was conducted. The results of our study find out that the combination of zero deletion genotypes GSTM1 and GSTT1 is a risk factor for the development of severe lung lesions in the elderly.

Association between Glutathione S-Transferases Gene Variants and COVID-19 Severity in Previously Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Polish Patients with Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

As the outcome of COVID-19 is associated with oxidative stress, it is highly probable that polymorphisms of genes related to oxidative stress were associated with susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. The aim of the study was to assess the association of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) gene polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity in previously vaccinated and unvaccinated Polish patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 92 not vaccinated and 84 vaccinated patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 were included. The WHO COVID-19 Clinical Progression Scale was used to assess COVID-19 severity. GSTs genetic polymorphisms were assessed by appropriate PCR methods. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed, including logistic regression analysis. GSTP1 Ile/Val genotype was found to be associated with a higher risk of developing a severe form of the disease in the population of vaccinated patients with COVID-19 (OR: 2.75; p = 0.0398). No significant association was observed for any of the assessed GST genotypes with COVID-19 disease severity in unvaccinated patients with COVID-19. In this group of patients, BMI > 25 and serum glucose level > 99 mg% statistically significantly increased the odds towards more severe COVID-19. Our results may contribute to further understanding of risk factors of severe COVID-19 and selecting patients in need of strategies focusing on oxidative stress.

Association of COVID-19 with Gene Expression of glutathione-S-transferase (GSTT1 and GSTM1) gene polymorphisms in Hillah Patients

Global health concerns have arisen due to SARS-CoV2 infection, which causes a wide spectrum of respiratory ailments, from mild to lethal, including COVID-2019 (SARS-CoV2 Infection-Induced Coronavirus Disease). A SARSCoV2 infection is associated with oxidative stress, which causes cytokine production and inflammation, as well as other pathological processes. In the lungs, glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a critical antioxidant defense enzyme that catalyzes the combination of glutathione (GSH) with electrophiles to shield cells from oxidative damage. That is why we conducted this study to see if there was a connection between the GSTM1 and the GSTT1 gene polymorphism and COVID19 susceptibility. 63 people with COVID-19 (both males and females, with an average age of 46.3 years) were enrolled from September 2021 to March 2022 from four different educational hospitals in Babylon, Al-Hillah, Al-Sadeq and Merjan. Participants had to meet the following requirements in order to be considered for the study: Positivity was determined by a reverse transcription (rt-PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 utilizing nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs collected in accordance with World Health Organization standards and accessible RT-PCR methods. The control group was comprised of 60 people (19 men,44 women;average age 46.3 years) who had been proven to be free of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and IgG). It was important to select controls that had the same exposure to infection risk as the patient group in order to ensure that the groups were homogeneous in composition. As conclusion, A statistically significant relationship between GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and an increased risk of developing COVID-19 in conjunction with lung cancer has been discovered, according to the findings. These findings suggest that environmental and genetic variables interact in a synergistic manner during the formation of lung cancer tumors. © 2023, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.

Anti-glutathione S-transferase omega 1-1 (GSTO1-1) antibodies are increased during acute and chronic inflammation in humans.

Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1-1) is a cytosolic enzyme involved in the modulation of critical inflammatory pathways as well as in cancer progression. Auto-antibodies against GSTO1-1 were detected in the serum of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and were proposed as potential biomarkers in the early detection of the disease. Our findings show that anti-GSTO1-1 antibodies can be found in a variety of inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis, infectious SARS-CoV-2, and trichinellosis. Our findings strongly suggest that anti-GSTO1-1 antibodies may be a marker of tissue damage/inflammation rather than a specific tumor-associated biomarker.

Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia and Genetic Susceptibility: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Genetic susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) morbidity and mortality continues to evolve. This report presents a case of an apparently healthy male adult who developed severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a study on relevant genetic mutations, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2-rs4646994 I/D) gene, glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 and T1 gene, and miR-423 rs6505162 C>A gene polymorphism. Results showed that the ACE-DD genotype of ACE2, (GSTM1+/+) (GSTT1-/-) genotype of GST gene, and CA genotype (heterozygosity) of miR-423 rs6505162 genes, which were found in the patient, could be independent risk factors of severe COVID-19, even without comorbidities.

Kombucha - An ancient fermented beverage with desired bioactivities: A narrowed review.

Kombucha, originated in China 2000  years ago, is a sour and sweet-tasted drink, prepared traditionally through fermentation of black tea. During the fermentation of kombucha, consisting of mainly acidic compounds, microorganisms, and a tiny amount of alcohol, a biofilm called SCOBY forms. The bacteria in kombucha has been generally identified as Acetobacteraceae. Kombucha is a noteworthy source of B complex vitamins, polyphenols, and organic acids (mainly acetic acid). Nowadays, kombucha is tended to be prepared with some other plant species, which, therefore, lead to variations in its composition. Pre-clinical studies conducted on kombucha revealed that it has desired bioactivities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-hypercholestorelomic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, etc. Only a few clinical studies have been also reported. In the current review, we aimed to overhaul pre-clinical bioactivities reported on kombucha as well as its brief compositional chemistry. The literature data indicate that kombucha has valuable biological effects on human health.

Extracellular Oxidative Stress Markers in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes as Co-Morbidity.

COVID-19 patients have a higher risk of developing inflammatory responses associated with serious and even fatal respiratory diseases. The role of oxidative stress in exacerbating manifestations in COVID-19 pathogenesis is under-reported.This study aimed touseserum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD3) and glutathione-S-transferase (GSTp1) by ELISA, zinc (ErbaChem5), ferritin and free iron (VitrosChemistry, Ortho Clinical Diagnosis, Raritan, NJ, USA) at the first encounter of randomly selected RT-PCR-positive COVID-19 patients, for assessing disease severity. The parameters which helped in identifying the severity, leading to poor prognosis, were neutrophil:lymphocyte higher than 4, high CRP, low SOD3 values and high GSTp1 values, and diabetes mellitus as a co-morbidity. Higher zinc levels correlated with high GSTp1 and low SOD3, indicating the protective effect of zinc on ROS. The increased high GSTp1 shows an anticipated protective biochemical response, to mitigate the low SOD3 values due to ROS consumption. Decreased SOD3 levels indicate a state of high oxidative stress at cellular levels, and an anticipated increase in GSTp1 levels points to the pathophysiological bases of increasing severity with age, sex, and co-morbidities, such asdiabetes. High levels of initial GSTp1 and zinc levels possibly offer protection to redox reactions at the cellular level in severe COVID-19 infection, preventing deterioration.

Air pollution and indoor settings.

Indoor environments contribute significantly to total human exposure to air pollutants, as people spend most of their time indoors. Household air pollution (HAP) resulting from cooking with polluting ("dirty") fuels, which include coal, kerosene, and biomass (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and animal manure) is a global environmental health problem. Indoor pollutants are gases, particulates, toxins, and microorganisms among others, that can have an impact especially on the health of children and adults through a combination of different mechanisms on oxidative stress and gene activation, epigenetic, cellular, and immunological systems. Air pollution is a major risk factor and contributor to morbidity and mortality from major chronic diseases. Children are significantly affected by the impact of the environment due to biological immaturity, prenatal and postnatal lung development. Poor air quality has been related to an increased prevalence of clinical manifestations of allergic asthma and rhinitis. Health professionals should increase their role in managing the exposure of children and adults to air pollution with better methods of care, prevention, and collective action. Interventions to reduce household pollutants may promote health and can be achieved with education, community, and health professional involvement.